You do have to consider the sudden influx of stimulus, or relief, money. The 2008 relief money was slightly less than $800 Billion. In the last few years that amount was close to $5 Trillion. That is a huge amount of money no matter how you look at it. Then you add this to people being locked up and saving money and now out and about spending money they have saved and money that the government provided. So, now you have a surge in demand as well as all of the supply issues.
You cannot put it all on any of the causes because they all have to factor in. It can be tricky to parse out. Countries that did not use huge government money to stimulate their economy still had the inflation. Some of that, of course, is due to the other supply issues for other countries -- but, nonetheless, they still had the inflation without their government throwing money into the equation.
Then you have to factor in how late the FED got involved and how little they raised the rates, bit by bit.
Another thing that absolutely has to be considered is the increase in oil prices and all of the issues with that right now. Sanctions on Russia, the war in Ukraine has added to the oil and natural gas increase in prices. This has also caused the price of other things to go up, like wheat for example.
So, now you have food and other crops increasing in price and this has been affecting other countries, especially the non-first world countries, even more.
You can even take away some of the various effects of the pandemic with the CPI inflation numbers -- because people being locked down forced them to spend on different goods and services than they normally would have.
So, absolutely the pandemic played a large role in the increase in inflation and you, certainly, cannot dismiss the role of the large, sudden increase in government spending because of this. The extent is still working itself out.
It became quite tricky. Because as the effects from the Pandemic were easing the war in Ukraine started. So, even though the USA was dealing with an output gap the majority of the inflation still seems to be a cost-push type of inflation.
It is not an either/or situation. This has many factors, more factors than usual, and is somewhat complex and dynamic.
I do not see it easing up much for quite some time.