The RT-PCR is also the test for people who are traveling by air. Quarantine hotels have been made a cottage industry the world over and have profited from all of these false positives.
I know of some real horror stories of Americans trying to get home on international flights and how their lives were complicated by these trip delays. One guy ended up buying 3 different airline tickets in succession in order to get home to help his ailing Mother after being forced to stay in a quarantine hotel for 10 days. The second time he was not allowed to board because his medical clearance paper did not have the phrase 'allowed to fly' written on it.
There are fees involved even with flight protection insurance (sometimes) and it is obviously not a good time to travel but sometimes people have no choice but to risk it.
1
@mctrap
The RT-PCR is also the test for people who are traveling by air. Quarantine hotels have been made a cottage industry the world over and have profited from all of these false positives.
I know of some real horror stories of Americans trying to get home on international flights and how their lives were complicated by these trip delays. One guy ended up buying 3 different airline tickets in succession in order to get home to help his ailing Mother after being forced to stay in a quarantine hotel for 10 days. The second time he was not allowed to board because his medical clearance paper did not have the phrase 'allowed to fly' written on it.
There are fees involved even with flight protection insurance (sometimes) and it is obviously not a good time to travel but sometimes people have no choice but to risk it.
[Quote: Originally Posted by mctrap]CDC to withdraw emergency use authorization for Rt PCR test because it cannot distinguish between Sars-Cov-2 and the flu. This to happen by Dec.31, 2021. So now we know why they stopped counting the flu numbers. I mean it was obvious all along. So the corrupt CDC just basically admitted to the testing fraud scam they have been complicit to in this deception all along.. Shocker! Now there should be no doubt in anyone's mind that these athletes have been held hostage until they (under duress) comply with mandates and protocols that have been manufactured under false pretenses. The diagnostic testing fraud scam has now been exposed to the point where even the most uneducated simpletons amongst us can understand. And this admission renders Double Up's whole ignorant diatribe as moot and without factual evidence, as most of us already know.[/Quote
Talk about ignorance you're still looking for low brow conspiracies about a global pandemic that shut down most of the world ..
Good luck with your conspiracies about the testing , everything is a scam and you have it all figured out ...
I'll stick with the experts and you can listen to your fox news talking heads that all got busted this week being vaccinated while being required to have a vaccine passport for their employer ..Meanwhile they continue to brainwash the CULT with misinformation... For the last 8 months they compared vaccine passports to jim crow..lol
In real news, France's legislature approved a law mandating universal vaccinations for health workers and pandemic passes for all restaurants and domestic travel.
BEST OF HEALTH, HAPPINESS,WEALTH, BLESSINGS and LUCK TO ALL !!
2
[Quote: Originally Posted by mctrap]CDC to withdraw emergency use authorization for Rt PCR test because it cannot distinguish between Sars-Cov-2 and the flu. This to happen by Dec.31, 2021. So now we know why they stopped counting the flu numbers. I mean it was obvious all along. So the corrupt CDC just basically admitted to the testing fraud scam they have been complicit to in this deception all along.. Shocker! Now there should be no doubt in anyone's mind that these athletes have been held hostage until they (under duress) comply with mandates and protocols that have been manufactured under false pretenses. The diagnostic testing fraud scam has now been exposed to the point where even the most uneducated simpletons amongst us can understand. And this admission renders Double Up's whole ignorant diatribe as moot and without factual evidence, as most of us already know.[/Quote
Talk about ignorance you're still looking for low brow conspiracies about a global pandemic that shut down most of the world ..
Good luck with your conspiracies about the testing , everything is a scam and you have it all figured out ...
I'll stick with the experts and you can listen to your fox news talking heads that all got busted this week being vaccinated while being required to have a vaccine passport for their employer ..Meanwhile they continue to brainwash the CULT with misinformation... For the last 8 months they compared vaccine passports to jim crow..lol
In real news, France's legislature approved a law mandating universal vaccinations for health workers and pandemic passes for all restaurants and domestic travel.
@mctrap The RT-PCR is also the test for people who are traveling by air. Quarantine hotels have been made a cottage industry the world over and have profited from all of these false positives. I know of some real horror stories of Americans trying to get home on international flights and how their lives were complicated by these trip delays. One guy ended up buying 3 different airline tickets in succession in order to get home to help his ailing Mother after being forced to stay in a quarantine hotel for 10 days. The second time he was not allowed to board because his medical clearance paper did not have the phrase 'allowed to fly' written on it. There are fees involved even with flight protection insurance (sometimes) and it is obviously not a good time to travel but sometimes people have no choice but to risk it.
Everything is a conspiracy, and you and mctrap have it all figured out ...lol
BEST OF HEALTH, HAPPINESS,WEALTH, BLESSINGS and LUCK TO ALL !!
0
Quote Originally Posted by lancer89074:
@mctrap The RT-PCR is also the test for people who are traveling by air. Quarantine hotels have been made a cottage industry the world over and have profited from all of these false positives. I know of some real horror stories of Americans trying to get home on international flights and how their lives were complicated by these trip delays. One guy ended up buying 3 different airline tickets in succession in order to get home to help his ailing Mother after being forced to stay in a quarantine hotel for 10 days. The second time he was not allowed to board because his medical clearance paper did not have the phrase 'allowed to fly' written on it. There are fees involved even with flight protection insurance (sometimes) and it is obviously not a good time to travel but sometimes people have no choice but to risk it.
Everything is a conspiracy, and you and mctrap have it all figured out ...lol
Everything is a conspiracy, and you and mctrap have it all figured out ...lol
Human beings are very conspiratorial...it is reflected in all of the shows and movies that we watch, in many of the great novels and plays...in Shakespeare, for example, as his plays are filled with intrigue and conspirators. Commercials in between shows conspire to separate you from your money with promises of happiness or fulfillment if only you buy their product.
Rumor mills abound at the workplace just listen in at the water-cooler or coffee station for the latest. People conspire on the job to better their relationships with managers and owners in order to be rewarded with more money or position at the expense of their coworkers.
Men conspire with beautiful women to get them into a horizontal position...(not naming names here).
The political arena is filled with pendejos and jibronies all conspiring to elevate themselves and cash in after they have tasted their first drink from the 'money river' of corruption and bribery. Little thought is given to their country or constituents who entrusted them with their votes.
Human conspiracies are as common as apple pie and lastly, if you want to see a conspirator look deeply into your own eyes the next time you look in a mirror. That goes for us all...
2
Quote Originally Posted by DoubleUp4Life:
Everything is a conspiracy, and you and mctrap have it all figured out ...lol
Human beings are very conspiratorial...it is reflected in all of the shows and movies that we watch, in many of the great novels and plays...in Shakespeare, for example, as his plays are filled with intrigue and conspirators. Commercials in between shows conspire to separate you from your money with promises of happiness or fulfillment if only you buy their product.
Rumor mills abound at the workplace just listen in at the water-cooler or coffee station for the latest. People conspire on the job to better their relationships with managers and owners in order to be rewarded with more money or position at the expense of their coworkers.
Men conspire with beautiful women to get them into a horizontal position...(not naming names here).
The political arena is filled with pendejos and jibronies all conspiring to elevate themselves and cash in after they have tasted their first drink from the 'money river' of corruption and bribery. Little thought is given to their country or constituents who entrusted them with their votes.
Human conspiracies are as common as apple pie and lastly, if you want to see a conspirator look deeply into your own eyes the next time you look in a mirror. That goes for us all...
CDC to withdraw emergency use authorization for Rt PCR test because it cannot distinguish between Sars-Cov-2 and the flu. This to happen by Dec.31, 2021. So now we know why they stopped counting the flu numbers. I mean it was obvious all along. So the corrupt CDC just basically admitted to the testing fraud scam they have been complicit to in this deception all along.. Shocker! Now there should be no doubt in anyone's mind that these athletes have been held hostage until they (under duress) comply with mandates and protocols that have been manufactured under false pretenses. The diagnostic testing fraud scam has now been exposed to the point where even the most uneducated simpletons amongst us can understand. And this admission renders Double Up's whole ignorant diatribe as moot and without factual evidence, as most of us already know.[/Quote Talk about ignorance you're still looking for low brow conspiracies about a global pandemic that shut down most of the world .. Good luck with your conspiracies about the testing , everything is a scam and you have it all figured out ... I'll stick with the experts and you can listen to your fox news talking heads that all got busted this week being vaccinated while being required to have a vaccine passport for their employer ..Meanwhile they continue to brainwash the CULT with misinformation... For the last 8 months they compared vaccine passports to jim crow..lol In real news, France's legislature approved a law mandating universal vaccinations for health workers and pandemic passes for all restaurants and domestic travel.
Stockholm Syndrome much?
Anybody who is using constant repetition of government propaganda (Goebbels-style ) is living in a cult-like reality which is a type of mental illness. So what's it like to have the propaganda of and by a tyrannical force living rent free in your head?
You are the classic "show me your papers" fanatical hate-filled segregationist living in a pathologized-totalitarian reality the psychotic predator class has created for you.
Btw; the tyrant Macron just had his protective detail (the Red Guard) ALL resign over Covid restrictions and will no longer protect the Rothchild puppet as 160k protested in France over the weekend against the despicable tyrant.
Your "science" is the science of the lambs.
How come the only people still worried about Covid are the people that are vaccinated from it?
And remember, your chances of being killed by a cow are low but never zero, so stay safe. Lockdown, wear a mask , social distance from all cows and make sure you get that "mad cow" vaccine just in case.
Relax. I'm unvaxxed!
3
Quote Originally Posted by DoubleUp4Life:
Quote Originally Posted by mctrap:
CDC to withdraw emergency use authorization for Rt PCR test because it cannot distinguish between Sars-Cov-2 and the flu. This to happen by Dec.31, 2021. So now we know why they stopped counting the flu numbers. I mean it was obvious all along. So the corrupt CDC just basically admitted to the testing fraud scam they have been complicit to in this deception all along.. Shocker! Now there should be no doubt in anyone's mind that these athletes have been held hostage until they (under duress) comply with mandates and protocols that have been manufactured under false pretenses. The diagnostic testing fraud scam has now been exposed to the point where even the most uneducated simpletons amongst us can understand. And this admission renders Double Up's whole ignorant diatribe as moot and without factual evidence, as most of us already know.[/Quote Talk about ignorance you're still looking for low brow conspiracies about a global pandemic that shut down most of the world .. Good luck with your conspiracies about the testing , everything is a scam and you have it all figured out ... I'll stick with the experts and you can listen to your fox news talking heads that all got busted this week being vaccinated while being required to have a vaccine passport for their employer ..Meanwhile they continue to brainwash the CULT with misinformation... For the last 8 months they compared vaccine passports to jim crow..lol In real news, France's legislature approved a law mandating universal vaccinations for health workers and pandemic passes for all restaurants and domestic travel.
Stockholm Syndrome much?
Anybody who is using constant repetition of government propaganda (Goebbels-style ) is living in a cult-like reality which is a type of mental illness. So what's it like to have the propaganda of and by a tyrannical force living rent free in your head?
You are the classic "show me your papers" fanatical hate-filled segregationist living in a pathologized-totalitarian reality the psychotic predator class has created for you.
Btw; the tyrant Macron just had his protective detail (the Red Guard) ALL resign over Covid restrictions and will no longer protect the Rothchild puppet as 160k protested in France over the weekend against the despicable tyrant.
Your "science" is the science of the lambs.
How come the only people still worried about Covid are the people that are vaccinated from it?
And remember, your chances of being killed by a cow are low but never zero, so stay safe. Lockdown, wear a mask , social distance from all cows and make sure you get that "mad cow" vaccine just in case.
Well stated...we must pray for our lost brethren that one day they see the light. I saw the protests in France and more and more are waking up the world over to the fraud being perpetuated as 'science' by Fauci and other evil actors.
Rand Paul tore our Dr. Josef Mengele (Fauci) a new one and he has brought criminal charges against him for lying about funding the weaponizing (gain of function) of Sars which became covid in the lab in Wuhan, China. Gain of function, how is that for buggering the language??? Blaming Trump for the covid virus is like blaming Woodrow Wilson for the Spanish flu. These people are trapped inside their echo chamber and they vomit back what they are told like good little boys and girls...they think nothing of repeating what they hear and they quote mainstream media as if it were bible and verse. God bless people like Julian Assange, Edward Snowden, and Chelsea Manning et. al. who pulled down the curtain exposing our Overlords for the evil monsters that they are...they laid down their lives for their friends which is what Christ entreats us all to do.
1
@mctrap
Well stated...we must pray for our lost brethren that one day they see the light. I saw the protests in France and more and more are waking up the world over to the fraud being perpetuated as 'science' by Fauci and other evil actors.
Rand Paul tore our Dr. Josef Mengele (Fauci) a new one and he has brought criminal charges against him for lying about funding the weaponizing (gain of function) of Sars which became covid in the lab in Wuhan, China. Gain of function, how is that for buggering the language??? Blaming Trump for the covid virus is like blaming Woodrow Wilson for the Spanish flu. These people are trapped inside their echo chamber and they vomit back what they are told like good little boys and girls...they think nothing of repeating what they hear and they quote mainstream media as if it were bible and verse. God bless people like Julian Assange, Edward Snowden, and Chelsea Manning et. al. who pulled down the curtain exposing our Overlords for the evil monsters that they are...they laid down their lives for their friends which is what Christ entreats us all to do.
Quote Originally Posted by Enzyme13: @DoubleUp4Life And flu cases were down 98% last year.Maybe its just the flu?The coronavirus family is a class of common colds after all (again, basic virology) Common colds dont shut the world down Brother Maybe the masks stopped the spread of the seasonal flu ??? Me personally, I didn't even catch a cold with a mask on , boom masks off in the spring and I've been sick 3 times .
This is not a conspiracy statement, it's on the FDA website and is easy to find if you want.... PCR tests are now being recalled and discarded for us as COVID tests. The language specifically stated on FDA website is to now use "tests that can differentiate between COVID and INFLUENZA". This is due to the high number of FALSE POSITIVE tests derived from that PCR test.....so, if you are wondering why influenza disappeared
Thank you America
3
Quote Originally Posted by DoubleUp4Life:
Quote Originally Posted by Enzyme13: @DoubleUp4Life And flu cases were down 98% last year.Maybe its just the flu?The coronavirus family is a class of common colds after all (again, basic virology) Common colds dont shut the world down Brother Maybe the masks stopped the spread of the seasonal flu ??? Me personally, I didn't even catch a cold with a mask on , boom masks off in the spring and I've been sick 3 times .
This is not a conspiracy statement, it's on the FDA website and is easy to find if you want.... PCR tests are now being recalled and discarded for us as COVID tests. The language specifically stated on FDA website is to now use "tests that can differentiate between COVID and INFLUENZA". This is due to the high number of FALSE POSITIVE tests derived from that PCR test.....so, if you are wondering why influenza disappeared
Quote Originally Posted by budwiser: we're all going to die someday anyways, so it's not as important a decision as you think. take the vaccine you're taking a chance, don't take the vaccine you're taking a chance. it came from a lab in china, it started out deadly, the good news is it's less deadly now. There is Zero proof thus far that it came from a lab .....Not saying its impossible, but it's another conspiracy or flat out assumption at this point...
Dub, seriously, this isn't an attack on you personally but there is TONS of information in the medical professional world that provides evidence to the contrary....is it 100% proof? No, but neither is that it came "naturally". The evidence within the medical community is quite overwhelming that it did not occur naturally but you will never see it on any mainstream news network. There is an effort going on to find the truth, whatever it may be, BUT without China's help I doubt that will ever come to fruition. The CCP will never allow that to happen.
Thank you America
2
Quote Originally Posted by DoubleUp4Life:
Quote Originally Posted by budwiser: we're all going to die someday anyways, so it's not as important a decision as you think. take the vaccine you're taking a chance, don't take the vaccine you're taking a chance. it came from a lab in china, it started out deadly, the good news is it's less deadly now. There is Zero proof thus far that it came from a lab .....Not saying its impossible, but it's another conspiracy or flat out assumption at this point...
Dub, seriously, this isn't an attack on you personally but there is TONS of information in the medical professional world that provides evidence to the contrary....is it 100% proof? No, but neither is that it came "naturally". The evidence within the medical community is quite overwhelming that it did not occur naturally but you will never see it on any mainstream news network. There is an effort going on to find the truth, whatever it may be, BUT without China's help I doubt that will ever come to fruition. The CCP will never allow that to happen.
I don't doubt the vaccine efficacy nor am I antivax but we also do know certain facts, and facts combined with overwhelming circumstantial evidence can lead to certain conclusions. For shits & giggles go read into some of that DRASTIC information. It's all from the scientific community.... As one Jon Stewart so eloquently put it...
“A chance!?” Stewart responded incredulously. “ ‘Oh, my God, there’s a novel respiratory coronavirus overtaking Wuhan, China. What do we do?’ ‘Oh, you know who we could ask? The Wuhan novel respiratory coronavirus lab.’ The disease is the same name as the lab. That’s just a little too weird, don’t you think?
“And then they ask those scientists, ‘So wait a minute, you work at the Wuhan respiratory coronavirus lab? How did this happen?' And they’re like, ‘Ooh, a pangolin kissed a turtle?’ ”
Stewart continued, comparing the situation to scientists responding to a chocolate outbreak near Hershey, Pa. “ ‘Oh, my God, there’s been an outbreak of chocolaty goodness near Hershey, Pa. What do you think happened?' ” Stewart said. “Like, ‘Oh I don’t know, maybe a steam shovel mated with a cocoa bean?’ Or it’s the [expletive] chocolate factory! Maybe that’s it?”
Thank you America
0
@DoubleUp4Life
I don't doubt the vaccine efficacy nor am I antivax but we also do know certain facts, and facts combined with overwhelming circumstantial evidence can lead to certain conclusions. For shits & giggles go read into some of that DRASTIC information. It's all from the scientific community.... As one Jon Stewart so eloquently put it...
“A chance!?” Stewart responded incredulously. “ ‘Oh, my God, there’s a novel respiratory coronavirus overtaking Wuhan, China. What do we do?’ ‘Oh, you know who we could ask? The Wuhan novel respiratory coronavirus lab.’ The disease is the same name as the lab. That’s just a little too weird, don’t you think?
“And then they ask those scientists, ‘So wait a minute, you work at the Wuhan respiratory coronavirus lab? How did this happen?' And they’re like, ‘Ooh, a pangolin kissed a turtle?’ ”
Stewart continued, comparing the situation to scientists responding to a chocolate outbreak near Hershey, Pa. “ ‘Oh, my God, there’s been an outbreak of chocolaty goodness near Hershey, Pa. What do you think happened?' ” Stewart said. “Like, ‘Oh I don’t know, maybe a steam shovel mated with a cocoa bean?’ Or it’s the [expletive] chocolate factory! Maybe that’s it?”
John Stewart is a comedian Brother ...He can be funny at times..
Far more likely Covid 19 came from bats
Bats are presumed reservoirs of diverse coronaviruses (CoVs) including progenitors of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19. However, the evolution and diversification of these coronaviruses remains poorly understood. Here we use a Bayesian statistical framework and a large sequence data set from bat-CoVs (including 630 novel CoV sequences) in China to study their macroevolution, cross-species transmission and dispersal. We find that host-switching occurs more frequently and across more distantly related host taxa in alpha- than beta-CoVs, and is more highly constrained by phylogenetic distance for beta-CoVs. We show that inter-family and -genus switching is most common in Rhinolophidae and the genus Rhinolophus. Our analyses identify the host taxa and geographic regions that define hotspots of CoV evolutionary diversity in China that could help target bat-CoV discovery for proactive zoonotic disease surveillance. Finally, we present a phylogenetic analysis suggesting a likely origin for SARS-CoV-2 in Rhinolophus spp. bats.
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are RNA viruses causing respiratory and enteric diseases with varying pathogenicity in humans and animals. All CoVs known to infect humans are zoonotic, or of animal origin, with many thought to originate in bat hosts1,2. Due to their large genome size (the largest non-segmented RNA viral genome), frequent recombination, and high genomic plasticity, CoVs are prone to cross-species transmission and are able to rapidly adapt to new hosts1,3. This phenomenon is thought to have led to the emergence of a number of CoVs affecting livestock and human health4,5,6,7,8,9. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-CoV was reported first in humans in Guangdong province, southern China, in 2002 and caused fatal respiratory infections in close to 800 people worldwide10,11,12. Subsequent investigations identified horseshoe bats (genus Rhinolophus) as the natural reservoirs of SARS-related CoVs and the likely origin of SARS-CoV13,14,15,16. In 2016, Swine Acute Diarrhea Syndrome (SADS)-CoV caused the death of over 25,000 pigs in farms within Guangdong province17. This virus appears to have originated within Rhinolophus spp. bats, and belongs to the HKU2-CoV clade previously detected in bats in the region17,18,19. In 2019, a novel CoV (SARS-CoV-2) causing respiratory illness (COVID-19) was first reported in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. This emerging human virus is closely related to SARS-CoV, and also appears to have originated in horseshoe bats20,21—with its full genome 96% similar to a viral sequence reported from Rhinolophus affinis20. Closely related sequences were also identified in Malayan pangolins22,23.
BEST OF HEALTH, HAPPINESS,WEALTH, BLESSINGS and LUCK TO ALL !!
0
@kcblitzkrieg
John Stewart is a comedian Brother ...He can be funny at times..
Far more likely Covid 19 came from bats
Bats are presumed reservoirs of diverse coronaviruses (CoVs) including progenitors of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19. However, the evolution and diversification of these coronaviruses remains poorly understood. Here we use a Bayesian statistical framework and a large sequence data set from bat-CoVs (including 630 novel CoV sequences) in China to study their macroevolution, cross-species transmission and dispersal. We find that host-switching occurs more frequently and across more distantly related host taxa in alpha- than beta-CoVs, and is more highly constrained by phylogenetic distance for beta-CoVs. We show that inter-family and -genus switching is most common in Rhinolophidae and the genus Rhinolophus. Our analyses identify the host taxa and geographic regions that define hotspots of CoV evolutionary diversity in China that could help target bat-CoV discovery for proactive zoonotic disease surveillance. Finally, we present a phylogenetic analysis suggesting a likely origin for SARS-CoV-2 in Rhinolophus spp. bats.
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are RNA viruses causing respiratory and enteric diseases with varying pathogenicity in humans and animals. All CoVs known to infect humans are zoonotic, or of animal origin, with many thought to originate in bat hosts1,2. Due to their large genome size (the largest non-segmented RNA viral genome), frequent recombination, and high genomic plasticity, CoVs are prone to cross-species transmission and are able to rapidly adapt to new hosts1,3. This phenomenon is thought to have led to the emergence of a number of CoVs affecting livestock and human health4,5,6,7,8,9. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-CoV was reported first in humans in Guangdong province, southern China, in 2002 and caused fatal respiratory infections in close to 800 people worldwide10,11,12. Subsequent investigations identified horseshoe bats (genus Rhinolophus) as the natural reservoirs of SARS-related CoVs and the likely origin of SARS-CoV13,14,15,16. In 2016, Swine Acute Diarrhea Syndrome (SADS)-CoV caused the death of over 25,000 pigs in farms within Guangdong province17. This virus appears to have originated within Rhinolophus spp. bats, and belongs to the HKU2-CoV clade previously detected in bats in the region17,18,19. In 2019, a novel CoV (SARS-CoV-2) causing respiratory illness (COVID-19) was first reported in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. This emerging human virus is closely related to SARS-CoV, and also appears to have originated in horseshoe bats20,21—with its full genome 96% similar to a viral sequence reported from Rhinolophus affinis20. Closely related sequences were also identified in Malayan pangolins22,23.
A growing body of research has identified bats as the evolutionary sources of SARS—and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)—CoVs13,14,24,25,26, and as the source of progenitors for the human CoVs, NL63 and 229E27,28. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 further underscores the importance of bat-origin CoVs to global health, and understanding their origin and cross-species transmission is a high priority for pandemic preparedness20,29. Bats harbor the largest diversity of CoVs among mammals, and two CoV genera, a- and ß-CoVs have been widely detected in bats from most regions of the world30,31. Bat-CoV diversity seems to be correlated with host taxonomic diversity globally, with the highest CoV diversity being found in areas with the highest bat species richness32. Host switching of viruses over evolutionary time is an important mechanism driving the evolution of bat-CoVs in nature and appears to vary geographically32,33. However, detailed analyses of host switching have been hampered by incomplete or opportunistic sampling, typically with relatively low numbers of viral sequences from any given region34.
China has a rich bat fauna, with more than 100 described bat species and several endemic species representing both the Palearctic and Indo-Malay regions35. Its situation at the crossroads of two zoogeographic regions heightens China’s potential to harbor a unique and distinctive CoV diversity. Since the emergence of SARS-CoV in 2002, China has been the focus of an intense viral surveillance and a large number of diverse bat-CoVs have been discovered in the region36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44. However, the macroevolution of CoVs in their bat hosts in China and their cross-species transmission dynamics remain poorly understood.
In this study, we analyze an extensive field-collected dataset of bat-CoV sequences from across China. We use a phylogeographic Bayesian statistical framework to reconstruct virus transmission history between different bat host species and virus spatial spread over evolutionary time. Our objectives are to compare the macroevolutionary patterns of a- and ß-CoVs and identify the hosts and geographical regions that act as centers of evolutionary diversification for bat-CoVs in China. These analyses aim to improve our understanding of how CoVs evolve, diversify, circulate among, and transmit between bat families and genera to help identify bat hosts and regions where the risk of CoV spillover is the highest.
BEST OF HEALTH, HAPPINESS,WEALTH, BLESSINGS and LUCK TO ALL !!
0
A growing body of research has identified bats as the evolutionary sources of SARS—and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)—CoVs13,14,24,25,26, and as the source of progenitors for the human CoVs, NL63 and 229E27,28. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 further underscores the importance of bat-origin CoVs to global health, and understanding their origin and cross-species transmission is a high priority for pandemic preparedness20,29. Bats harbor the largest diversity of CoVs among mammals, and two CoV genera, a- and ß-CoVs have been widely detected in bats from most regions of the world30,31. Bat-CoV diversity seems to be correlated with host taxonomic diversity globally, with the highest CoV diversity being found in areas with the highest bat species richness32. Host switching of viruses over evolutionary time is an important mechanism driving the evolution of bat-CoVs in nature and appears to vary geographically32,33. However, detailed analyses of host switching have been hampered by incomplete or opportunistic sampling, typically with relatively low numbers of viral sequences from any given region34.
China has a rich bat fauna, with more than 100 described bat species and several endemic species representing both the Palearctic and Indo-Malay regions35. Its situation at the crossroads of two zoogeographic regions heightens China’s potential to harbor a unique and distinctive CoV diversity. Since the emergence of SARS-CoV in 2002, China has been the focus of an intense viral surveillance and a large number of diverse bat-CoVs have been discovered in the region36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44. However, the macroevolution of CoVs in their bat hosts in China and their cross-species transmission dynamics remain poorly understood.
In this study, we analyze an extensive field-collected dataset of bat-CoV sequences from across China. We use a phylogeographic Bayesian statistical framework to reconstruct virus transmission history between different bat host species and virus spatial spread over evolutionary time. Our objectives are to compare the macroevolutionary patterns of a- and ß-CoVs and identify the hosts and geographical regions that act as centers of evolutionary diversification for bat-CoVs in China. These analyses aim to improve our understanding of how CoVs evolve, diversify, circulate among, and transmit between bat families and genera to help identify bat hosts and regions where the risk of CoV spillover is the highest.
There's a lot we don't know but here's what we do know. They were working on essentially weaponizing bat coronaviruses at the Wuhan lab. The Chinese military was involved. Outside of that, we don't know because they still refuse to let anyone investigate the lab.
TIME TO BRING BACK THE OBAMA CAGES!
0
@kcblitzkrieg
There's a lot we don't know but here's what we do know. They were working on essentially weaponizing bat coronaviruses at the Wuhan lab. The Chinese military was involved. Outside of that, we don't know because they still refuse to let anyone investigate the lab.
Yes, that is all factually correct. It is missing, as one example, the information on "gain of function" research that has been going on since 2014 on SARS types of viruses. The genome sequences are from bats, there is no denying this. Check out the "bat lady" Wuhan-based virologist Shi Zhengli. Her and her team are responsible for all of the major research / work done on bats, specifically within China, since 2014.
All I am saying is that there are way more layers to this story that anything you can "google". The amount of scientific data and research that is being pieced together that points to the virus being "not of natural origin" is overwhelming. In your light reading time go to twitter or the drastic.org website and check out the bread crumbs.
I am not advocating it was intentionally released but if anyone thinks this virus came from a bat who happened to shit on the back of a pig in some wet market I got a bridge in Brooklyn to sell you....
Yes, Stewart is a comedian, an entertainer. The anecdotal story he provides is for perspective. He uses logic and common sense to make an assumption as part of his example. It's pretty straight forward.
Thank you America
1
@DoubleUp4Life
Yes, that is all factually correct. It is missing, as one example, the information on "gain of function" research that has been going on since 2014 on SARS types of viruses. The genome sequences are from bats, there is no denying this. Check out the "bat lady" Wuhan-based virologist Shi Zhengli. Her and her team are responsible for all of the major research / work done on bats, specifically within China, since 2014.
All I am saying is that there are way more layers to this story that anything you can "google". The amount of scientific data and research that is being pieced together that points to the virus being "not of natural origin" is overwhelming. In your light reading time go to twitter or the drastic.org website and check out the bread crumbs.
I am not advocating it was intentionally released but if anyone thinks this virus came from a bat who happened to shit on the back of a pig in some wet market I got a bridge in Brooklyn to sell you....
Yes, Stewart is a comedian, an entertainer. The anecdotal story he provides is for perspective. He uses logic and common sense to make an assumption as part of his example. It's pretty straight forward.
There was a lab, they were studying bat coronaviruses.
Or...you believe it just happened to show up next to a lab after never showing up ever, and the chinese are hiding for no good reason.
As keyshawn would say, come on man.
That said, tge cure is worse. Wearing masks causes respiratory problems. Compromises the immune system's ability to respond. And, where are all these earth climate change liberals complaining about hundreds of millions of duscarded masks.
4
Came from a lab.
There was a lab, they were studying bat coronaviruses.
Or...you believe it just happened to show up next to a lab after never showing up ever, and the chinese are hiding for no good reason.
As keyshawn would say, come on man.
That said, tge cure is worse. Wearing masks causes respiratory problems. Compromises the immune system's ability to respond. And, where are all these earth climate change liberals complaining about hundreds of millions of duscarded masks.
The FDA has never approved the vaccines...when taken, people are given a slip of paper that states that it has not been FDA approved aside from what Psaki says as she is lying.
I am happy with my God given immune system and the two most used vaccines in America are moderna and pfizer. They contain messenger rna which teaches our cells to make a spike protein which triggers an immune response within our bodies and it has caused brain swellings, stiff necks and other bad side effects in others.
Jimmy Dore who is an honorable leftist (anti Trump) spoke of his tough times taking two vaccines...he has still not recovered from the side effects of the second one. I believe him and there are many others who do not have a public platform to tell their story.
2
@DoubleUp4Life
The FDA has never approved the vaccines...when taken, people are given a slip of paper that states that it has not been FDA approved aside from what Psaki says as she is lying.
I am happy with my God given immune system and the two most used vaccines in America are moderna and pfizer. They contain messenger rna which teaches our cells to make a spike protein which triggers an immune response within our bodies and it has caused brain swellings, stiff necks and other bad side effects in others.
Jimmy Dore who is an honorable leftist (anti Trump) spoke of his tough times taking two vaccines...he has still not recovered from the side effects of the second one. I believe him and there are many others who do not have a public platform to tell their story.
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